Second trimester placental thickness: its’ correlation with gestational age, femur length and biparietal diameter

Background: Placental thickness (PT) is the easiest placental dimension to measure, yet little is known about the normal PT. The aim of this study was to determine the normal, sonographically measured PT in millimetre (mm) in the second trimester and to determine if this measurement can be adjusted for gestational age for that time and evaluate its relationship with femur length and biparietal diameter of the fetus.Methods: The study was a cross sectional observational study, recruiting 100 consecutive, singleton pregnancies, reporting for ultrasonography (USG) between 14 weeks and 24 weeks of gestation, having undergone at least one ultrasonogram in the first trimester, with known last menstrual period (LMP). The placental thickness was measured perpendicular to the uterine wall, through the placenta at the site of cord insertion.Results: The average age of study population was 24.96 with a standard deviation (SD) of 2.70 years with the minimum age being 18 years and maximum age being 32 years. Regression analysis yielded the following mathematical relationships between PT, Gestational age (GA), Biparietal diameter (BPD) and Femur length (FL) in the second trimester. Y(PT)= 0.9366x (Gestation age)+1.655, R2 = 0.7332; Y(PT)= 0.2872x(BPD)+6.9578, R2= 0.7314; Y(PT)=0.2995x(FL)+ 10.03, R2 = 0.6186Conclusions: PT in present study showed a positive linear correlation with gestational age, FL and BPD in second trimester. Also, it can be concluded that PT may be used as a predictor of GA in women with unknown LMP

Isolated pericardial hydatid: A rare presentation of hydatid disease

A case of isolated pericardial hydatid disease is presented to highlight the rare location of the hydatid disease. Hydatid disease is a common disease but the most common affected organs are liver and lung with only limited number of cases reported of isolated pericardial hydatid

Tracheopathia and tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: Computed tomographic findings of an uncommon entity – a series of two case reports

Tracheopathia and tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica refer to idiopathic, non-malignant disease of large airways featured by sub-mucosal cartilaginous to osseous nodules overlying the cartilaginous rings, which may be focal or diffuse. We report two cases, one having tracheopathia osteochondroplastica and other having tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica. It is generally an overlooked diagnosis due to lack of familiarity among the clinicians. Our aim to present these cases is to avoid under-diagnosis/misdiagnosis whenever such a condition is encountered in daily practice

Calcific endometritis as a cause of infertility: Ultrasonography as the main diagnostic modality

Objective: The main objective of the study was to evaluate calcific endometritis as a cause of infertility using different imaging modalities. Patients and methods: A prospective study was performed wherein 100 patients with the complaint of infertility were evaluated using ultrasonography and those having sonographic picture of calcific endometritis were subjected to Color Doppler study, non-contrast MRI of the pelvis (to evaluate for any additional role) and diagnostic/therapeutic dilatation and curettage. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments and Institutional Ethics Committee approval was obtained. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients included in the study. Results: Six patients were diagnosed as having calcific endometritis. Five of them were presenting for secondary infertility and only one was primary infertility. Post diagnosis and treatment, four patients conceived within six months and two within nine months. MRI was accurate in diagnosing four patients and ultrasound in all six patients. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is diagnostic in cases of calcific endometritis. MRI has no added role

Rice body formation in a case of subdeltoid bursa tuberculosis: An uncommon presentation

Rice bodies looking like swelling on specific magnetic resonance sequences are an unusual presentation of subdeltoid tuberculous inflammatory involvement. Rice bodies represent the infarcted or sloughed off synovium due to the inflammatory process. We present a case of a 21-year-old male patient who complained of a soft-tissue swelling around the right shoulder presumed to be a lipoma. The aim of presenting this case is to expand the differential diagnosis of soft-tissue swelling around the shoulder whenever such a condition is encountered

Multi-detector computed tomographic evaluation of tibial plateau fractures with review of Schatzker's classification of tibial plateau fractures

Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the role of multi-detector computed tomographic (MDCT) evaluation of the tibial plateau fractures. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients with tibial plateau fractures were subjected to MDCT. The images were reconstructed via three-dimensional algorithms and maximum intensity projection and volume rendered technique reconstructions using syngo.via software (Siemens Healthcare, Germany). The fractures were classified according to Schatzker's Classification. Results: The most common type of tibial plateau fracture in the current study was found to be type I followed by type II and the least common being type V. Conclusion: MDCT helps in accurate classification of the tibial plateau fractures, which helps in selecting the best treatment modality for a particular class of tibial plateau fracture

High resolution computed tomography in the evaluation of interstitial lung diseases: Imaging perspective revisited with review of literature

Aims and Objectives: The study was designed with a broad objective of studying the imaging findings of the common interstitial lung diseases and to assess the severity of the disease and determine the reversibility capability of the pulmonary parenchymal damage in ILD’s. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective, observational study in which we evaluated 50 patients suspected of having interstitial lung diseases based on radiographic or clinical findings, by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) over a period of one year. Results: Out of the 50 patients, majority of them had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n=16) followed by interstitial pulmonary involvement in patients of rheumatoid arthritis (n=13), scleroderma (n=10) and systemic lupus erythematosis (n=9). The less common ILD’s included were Occupational lung disease (n=1) and Mycosis fungoides (n=1). Conclusion: HRCT of the lung in cases of the suspected interstitial lung diseases forms an invaluable tool for accurate and early identification and in conjunction with the clinical findings can obviate the need of lung biopsy in diagnosis of ILD’s

Tyrosine-specific protein kinases of normal tissues

Tyrosine-specific protein kinases from normal tissue have been studied using synthetic peptides as substrate. Spleen had much higher activity of the enzyme in the particulate fraction than any other normal tissue (exept purified T lymphocytes). The tyrosine protein kinase from the particulate fraction of rat spleen was partially purified and characterized. The kinase could phosphorylate src-related as well as unrelated peptides and casein at tyrosine residues. The enzyme in the membrane seemed to have somewhat different substrate specificity than the solubilized, partially purified enzyme. Serum containing antibody to pp60v-src did not precipitate the kinase; however, the protein kinase could phosphorylate the heavy chain of IgG from TBR serum (but not from normal serum). The possible relationship of the tyrosine-specific protein kinase of spleen with pp60c-src and other tyrosine-specific protein kinases is discussed

Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of limb-body wall complex: case series of a rare congenital anomaly

Three case reports of a rare congenital anomaly “limb-body wall complex” also known as “body stalk syndrome” are presented with prenatal ultrasonographic diagnostic features, immediate after delivery evaluation, and histopathologic analysis